• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    SUMMARY A system (101) for controlling the indoor climate of a building, at least comprising a first air duct (102) for supply air, a second air duct (105) for outside air, a front / supply air heat exchanger (108) for selective heat transfer between supply air and exhaust air, a water system (109) with a hot water circuit (110) and a cold water circuit (111), a water / supply air heat exchanger (112) at the first air duct (102) and a water / air air heat exchanger (113) at the second air duct (105 ), provide for selective connection to the hot water circuit (110) or the cold water circuit (111), a heat pump (114) for selective heat transfer between the water circuits (110, 111), the front / supply air heat exchanger being a rotating heat exchanger (108) located upstream of water / the air-to-air heat exchanger (113) and with an efficiency that correlates with speed and means for speed control to enable efficient defrosting of water / the air-to-air heat exchanger (113) by reducing the speed (RRED) to obtain an elevated temperature of the exhaust air (A6) passing through the water / exhaust heat exchanger (113) in combination with the hot water circuit (110) being simultaneously connected to the water / exhaust air heat exchanger (113).
    公开号:SE1151114A1
    申请号:SE1151114
    申请日:2011-11-23
    公开日:2013-05-24
    发明作者:Martin Mellbin；Andreas Gustavsson；Adam Fjaestad
    申请人:Swegon Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INDOOR CLIMATE IN A BUILDING TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a system for controlling the indoor climate in a building.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In offices and other larger premises, there is often a need to be able to control the indoor climate separately in different parts of the premises or in individual rooms. In order to ensure a sufficient level of comfort for the people staying in a building, careful local temperature and ventilation control is required. When controlling, heat generated by electrical appliances and heat and exhaled air generated by people inside the building must also be taken into account. These factors, together with the prevailing weather conditions, have a major impact on the current need for heating, cooling and ventilation capacity.
    Various systems for controlling the indoor climate in buildings are already known. For example, U52004 / 0148950 A1 describes an air conditioning system for a building that includes a hot water circuit, a cold water circuit and several local air conditioning units. Each of the local air conditioning units includes a fan for blowing air into a space in the building, a heating coil connected to the hot water circuit and / or a cooling coil connected to the cold water circuit. At least one temperature control system allows control of the heating power of the heating coils and the cooling power of the cooling coils. A heat energy management system is provided with a heat pump for transferring heat energy from the cold water system to the hot water system, from the cold water system to the outdoor air and from the outdoor air to the hot water system. The system for managing heat energy can control the transfers of heat energy with the help of a control system with three levels to optimize energy consumption.
    In systems for controlling the indoor climate in buildings, it is common for at least one heat exchanger to be arranged in connection with the exhaust air duct. Such a heat exchanger can be, for example, a cross-flow or counter-current heat exchanger (also called flat heat exchangers) and can be used to reduce the system's total energy consumption by recovering some of the heat energy from the exhaust air before it is released into the outdoor air. Such a heat exchanger in connection with the exhaust air duct thus transfers heat energy from the outflowing exhaust air to the inflowing outdoor air. Under certain conditions, frost or ice may form on the heat exchanger, which must undergo a defrost cycle, during which the heat exchanger is heated to melt the ice. A disadvantage of such a defrosting cycle is that it takes a long time in the previously known systems and thus reduces the effective time that the heat exchanger can be used for its normal task, ie energy recovery, which leads to a tiny high energy consumption.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first object of the invention is therefore to provide a more energy efficient system for controlling the indoor climate in a building, by giving the system such a design that the time a heat exchanger arranged in connection with the exhaust duct must be shortened in a minimum defrost cycle. For energy recovery from the outside air can thus be maximized.
    This first object is achieved with a system according to claim 1, which comprises at least a first air duct with first supply means for supplying outdoor air to the system and first discharge means for supplying outdoor air treated as supply air to the interior of the building, a second air duct with second supply channel for supplying exhaust air from the building's interior to the system and other discharge devices for discharging exhaust air treated in the system to the outside air outside the building, - a exhaust / supply air heat exchanger arranged in connection with the first and other air ducts for selective transfer of heat from the air treatment in the system for said outdoor air during treatment in the system or from said outdoor air under treatment in the system to said outdoor air during treatment in the system, - a water system with a hot water circuit and a cold water circuit, a water / supply air heat exchanger arranged in connection with said first air duct for selective an connection to said hot water circuit or cold water circuit for transferring heat from said hot water circuit to said outdoor air during treatment in the system or from said outdoor air during treatment in the system to said cold water circuit, a water / outdoor air heat exchanger arranged in connection with other air ducts. to said hot water circuit or cold water circuit for transferring heat from said hot water circuit to said 3 exhaust air during treatment in the system or from said exhaust air during treatment in the system to said cold water circuit, - a heat pump arranged in connection with said water system receives selective transfer of heat water from to the cold water circuit or from the cold water circuit to the hot water circuit, the front / supply air heat exchanger being designed as a rotating heat exchanger, the rotating heat exchanger, with respect to the flow direction in the second air duct, being located upstream of water n / the exhaust air heat exchanger, and wherein the rotary heat exchanger has an efficiency which correlates with speed and is provided with means for speed control to enable efficient defrosting of the water / exhaust air heat exchanger by a reduction of the said speed to obtain the temperature of the water. / the outdoor air heat exchanger in combination with the hot water circuit being connected to the water / outdoor air heat exchanger at the same time.
    Thanks to the shorter time required for the defrost cycle, the design according to the invention provides a very energy efficient system, while the water system's cold water and hot water circuits provide cold and hot water reservoirs which are always used for use in the system's water / supply air heat exchanger and water / heat exchanger. use in cooling / heating batteries in the system's local comfort modules, for storage of heating and cooling energy, for use on the hot and cold side of the heat pump and / or for use as hot and cold tap water in the building if this is unsatisfactory. Thanks to the water-borne heat storage capacity of the system according to the invention, accidental variations in cooling, heating and ventilation needs can be compensated so that the system according to the invention together with the local comfort modules can continue to regulate the local indoor climate regardless of the system. heating layer, a cooling layer and / or a defrost layer.
    Other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, a number of embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail, by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which: Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the functional principle of a system for controlling the indoor climate in a building. preferred embodiment of the invention, the system being shown in an operating mode for heating the supply air with simultaneous heat recovery from the exhaust air, Fig. 2 schematically illustrates the system according to the preferred embodiment in an operating mode for cooling the supply air with simultaneous transfer of heat to the exhaust air, fig. illustrates the system according to the preferred embodiment in an operating layer for heating the supply air with simultaneous defrosting of a water / exhaust air heat exchanger arranged in connection with the exhaust air duct, Fig. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram of a water system in the system according to the invention, with a simplified, seri Fig. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of a water system in the system according to the invention, with a parallel flow drawing which is suitable for applications where hot and cold tap water is needed, Figs. 5 shows a flow drawing which is suitable for applications where no hot and cold tap water is required. Fig. 6 schematically illustrates the modular construction of an indoor-mounted system according to a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 7 schematically illustrates the modular construction of a roof-mounted system according to a second advantageous embodiment of the invention.
    DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Figures 1-3 schematically illustrate the operating principle of having a system for controlling the indoor climate in a building according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein Fig. 1 shows the system 101 in an operating layer for heating the air with ventilation. Fig. 2 shows the system in an operating layer for cooling the supply air with simultaneous transfer of intestines to the exhaust air, and Fig. 3 shows the system in an operating position for heating the supply air with simultaneous defrosting of a water / exhaust air heat exchanger arranged in connection. to the exhaust duct.
    The system 101 according to the invention comprises a first air duct 102 with first inlet means 103 for supplying outdoor air A1 to the system and first outlet means 104, 104 'for discharging outdoor air A2 treated in the system as supply air to the interior of the building. In the embodiment shown, the first inlets 103 consist of an intake opening for outdoor air which, although not shown in the figures, may be provided with a grille and / or an air filter and / or a supply air for supply air. In the embodiment shown, the first discharge means consist of an exhaust surface 104 for supply air, and respectively of a discharge opening 104 'for supply air which, although not shown in the figures, may be provided with a grille, a filter and / or be connected to a supply air duct. for further transport of the supply air to local supply air devices or comfort modules inside the building.
    The system 101 according to the invention further comprises a second air duct 105 with second inlet means 106 for supplying exhaust air A3 from the interior of the building to the system and second discharge means 107, 107 ', 107 "for discharging exhaust air A4 treated in the system to the outside air outside the building. In the embodiment shown, the other inputs consist of an intake duct 106 for exhaust air which, although not shown in the figures, may also be connected to an exhaust air duct for transporting air from local exhaust air diffusers or climate modules inside the building. the discharge means of two exhaust flats 107, 107 'for exhaust air, and of an exhaust opening 107 "for exhaust air, respectively.
    The system101 according to the invention comprises the exits from / supply air heat exchanger 108 which are arranged in connection with said first 102 and other 105 air ducts for selective transfer of heat from said exhaust air A3 during treatment in the system to narrinda outdoor air A1 during treatment in the system or from said treatment in said outdoor air. exhaust air A3 during treatment in the system.
    The system 101 according to the invention further comprises a water system 109 with a hot water circuit 110 and a cold water circuit 111, a water / supply air heat exchanger 112 arranged in connection with said first air duct 102 for selective connection to narrinda hot water circuit 110 or cold water circuit 111 for transferring heat from said hot water circuit 110 to narrinda outdoor air A1 under treatment in the system or from narrinda outdoor air A1 under treatment in the system to the said cold water circuit 111, a water / air heat exchanger 113 which is arranged in connection with narrinda second air duct 105 is selectively connected to narrinda hot water circuit 110 or cold water circuit 111 for transferring heat from narrinda hot water circuit 111 to narrinda from air A3 during treatment in the system or from said exhaust air A3 during treatment in the system to said cold water circuit 111, and a heat pump 114 arranged in connection with said water system 109 for selective ove Transfer of heat from the hot water circuit 110 to the cold water circuit 111 or from the cold water circuit 111 to the hot water circuit 110. It is characteristic of the system 101 according to the invention that the supply air / heat exchanger is designed as a rotary heat exchanger 108.
    Such rotary heat exchangers are used for energy recovery from outside air in some current ventilation systems. A rotary heat exchanger is built around a rotating wheel (a rotor) which usually consists of pleated aluminum profiles. A portion of the rotating wheel located inside the exhaust air duct is heated by flowing exhaust air, after which the heated portion is gradually rotated further into the supply air duct to give off heat to flowing supply air.
    It is also characteristic of the system 101 according to the invention that the rotary heat exchanger 108, with respect to the flow direction F in the second air duct 105, is located upstream of the water / air heat exchanger 113.
    It is also characteristic of the system 101 according to the invention that the rotary heat exchanger 108 has an efficiency which correlates with speed R and is provided with means for speed control to enable efficient defrosting of the water / air heat exchanger 113, as shown in Fig. 3, by a reduction. of said speed RRED to obtain an elevated temperature of the exhaust air A6 passing through the water / exhaust heat exchanger 113 in combination with the hot water circuit 110 being simultaneously connected to the water / exhaust heat exchanger 113. In a preferred embodiment the system 101 according to the invention comprises for speed control an electric drive motor (not shown in the figures) for driving the rotation of the rotary heat exchanger 108, the electric drive motor being arranged to be able to be controlled during normal operation (Figs. 1 and 2) to a normal speed R to give the highest possible heat transfer capacity at the rotary heat exchanger and to under a defrost cycle (fig. 3) be able to be controlled to the said reduced speed RRED in order to give the lowest possible heat transfer capacity of the rotary heat exchanger 108 which is suitable with respect to other incidental system conditions and thus the highest possible temperature of the exhaust air A6 passing through the water heater an advantageous embodiment is the means for speed control arranged to be able to bring the reduced speed RRED of the rotary heat exchanger 108 to near 0 during the defrost cycle.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the system 101 comprises a pressure drop feeder (not shown in the figures) which is arranged to supply the pressure drop at the passage of the exhaust air through the water / exhaust air heat exchanger 113 to detect a possible defrosting need. The pressure drop feeder includes one or more sensors or sensors for feeding the pressure drop via air pressure, air velocities and / or the air flow of the exhaust air flow. The sensors or sensors may be of any type of electronic pressure sensor, pitotror, thermal anemometer or impeller anemometer, or of any other lamp type. The pressure drop feeder may advantageously be arranged to be able to emit an output signal for initiating a defrost cycle and / or an output signal for controlling the means for speed control during such a defrost cycle.
    In the preferred embodiment of the system 101 according to the invention, the water / supply air heat exchanger 112 and / or the water / air air heat exchanger 113 are designed as a combined heating / cooling battery for transferring heat to / from said air A1, A3 from / to said water circuits 110, 111.
    In an advantageous embodiment of the system according to the invention (not shown in detail in the figures), the water / supply air heat exchanger 112 and / or the water / air heat exchanger 113 are designed for indirect transfer of heat between said air A1, A3 and the water circuits 110, 111 via an intermediate circuit with freeze-protected dehydration. In a first alternative embodiment of the system 101 according to the invention, the heat pump 114 is arranged for direct transfer of heat between the water circuits 110, 111. In a second alternative embodiment, the heat pump in the stable is arranged for indirect transfer of heat between the water circuits via an intermediate circuit.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the system 101 according to the invention comprises a control unit 115 which is arranged to control the rivers of air in the system by means of the input and output means 103, 104, 104 ', 106, 107, 107', 107 "and the water flows in the system. using an M4 river control unit.
    Figures 4 and 5 respectively schematically show two alternative river routes of the water system included in the system according to the invention, Fig. 4 showing a water system with a simplified, serial river route which is suitable for applications where no hot and cold tap water is needed, while Fig. 5 shows a water system with a parallel river flow that is suitable for applications where hot and cold tap water is required.
    Thus, in one embodiment of the system according to the invention (Fig. 4), the water system 209 comprises a hot water tank 210 and a cold water tank 211, both tanks being connected in series p8 with a supply line 216.
    In an alternative embodiment of the system according to the invention (Fig. 5), on the other hand, the water system 309 comprises a hot water tank 310 and a cold water tank 311, the cold water tank 311 being connected in series with a supply line 316 and the hot water tank 310 6r connected in parallel with the water system 3, 319. , 318, i.e. water heater 319, comfort heater 317, water / supply air heat exchanger 312, water / air source heat exchanger 313 and comfort cooler 318. This embodiment ensures that the water system can always provide hot and cold tap water with desired, stable heat and very possible temperatures.
    Figures 6 and 7 respectively schematically illustrate the advantageous modular construction of an indoor-mounted system and of a ceiling-mounted system according to the invention, respectively. Common to the tv8 different system embodiments is that the system 401; 501 includes at least the following operating modules: 9 a hot water tank 410; 5 a cold water tank 411; 511, a controller 415; 515, an air handling module M1 which includes said rotary exhaust / supply air heat exchanger and is controlled by said control unit 415; 515, a module for heating / cooling air M2 comprising said water / supply air heat exchanger, an energy recovery module M3 comprising said water / exhaust air heat exchanger and controlled by said control unit 415; A module for controlling the liquid river M4 which is controlled by said control unit 415; 515, a heat pump module M5 comprising said heat pump 414; 514 and is controlled by said control unit 415; 515, at least one local comfort module for waterborne heating M6 and / or cooling M7 of supply air, said hot water tank 410; 510, said cold water tank 411; 511, said module for heating / cooling of air M2, said energy recovery module M3 and near at least one local comfort module for waterborne heating M6 and / or cooling M7 of supply air are all designed for connection to said module for controlling the liquid river M4, and wherein the number of nrrrinda function modules 410; 510, 411; 511, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7 each constitute a pre-assembled and tested subsystem fitted with quick connectors 420; 520 for interconnecting the subsystems into an integrated system 401; 501 which allows control of the indoor climate in a nearby building using at least one control system 415; 515 which cooperates with and controls the various subsystems.
    When it comes to the male reference designations M1-M7 which correspond to the various function modules, these have, when possible, also been entered in the previously described figures 1-5. The modular construction and the quick connectors give the system according to the invention many advantages, such as simpler transport, installation, interconnection and rigging. The system according to the invention has a compact design and can be installed by a single installer. The use of a single overall control system minimizes the risk of different subsystems coming into conflict with each other, but one can also think of embodiments of the invention which comprise several separate control systems which cooperate with each other or where the control system has a distributed topology and comprises several interconnected processor cards with individual calculation algorithms. The system's heat pump module can be used as an outdoor air heat pump when there is a need for ventilation, or as an outdoor air heat pump when no ventilation is needed. Furthermore, it should be emphasized that the various function modules can be connected in the system in other ways than what appears from the figures, for example so that the module M6 is connected with a parallel flow drawing instead of a serial one.
    PRIMARY OPERATING LAWS The following are brief descriptions of three primary operating layers for the system according to the invention, with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3, respectively. When the reference numerals W1-W6 apply, these different water flows emanating from the water system module M4 control the water flow. , where W1 refers to the flow to the water / supply air heat exchanger 112, W2 refers to the water / exhaust air heat exchanger 113, W3 flows to a local comfort module for water-borne heating of supply air, W4 to the flow to a local comfort module for water-to-air cooling W5 to radiators and W6 tillflocle for hot water preparation.
    Heating layer Figure 1 shows the system according to the invention in an operation for heating supply air with simultaneous heat theater extraction from outside air. In this operation, for example, cold outdoor air A1 with a temperature am -15 ° C can be fed into the system 101. After passage through the rotary heat exchanger 108 and heat exchange with warmer outdoor air A3, the temperature of the treated outdoor air A5 is raised to + 13 ° C. After passing the water / supply air heat exchanger 112 and heat exchange with the hot water circuit W1, the temperature of the treated outdoor air rises to 20 ° C and can be fed as supply air A2 into the building's interior, either directly through a suitable supply air diffuser or via an air duct to a local comfort module. Hot exhaust air A3 from inside the building with a temperature of +22 ° C is fed into the system 101. After passing through the rotary heat exchanger 108 and heat exchange with the cold inflowing outdoor air A1, the temperature of the treated exhaust air A6 dropped to -6 ° C. After passing past the water / exhaust air heat exchanger 113 and heat exchange with the cold water circuit W2, the temperature of the treated exhaust air A4 dropped to -16 ° C and can be discharged into the outdoor air outside the building. 11 Cooling mode Figure 2 shows the system according to the invention in an operating mode for cooling supply air with simultaneous transfer of heat to outside air. In this operation, for example, hot outdoor air A1 with a temperature of +26 ° C can be fed into the system 101. After passage through the rotary heat exchanger 108 and heat exchange with colder exhaust air A3, the temperature of the treated outdoor air A5 dropped to +24 ° C. After passing the water / supply air heat exchanger 112 and heat exchange with the cold water circuit W1, the temperature of the treated outdoor air dropped to 16 ° C and can be fed as supply air A2 into the building's interior, either directly through a suitable supply air diffuser or via an air duct to a local comfort module. Warm exhaust air A3 from the building's interior with a temperature of +23 ° C is fed into the system 101. After passage through the rotary heat exchanger 108 and farm exchange with the warmer inflowing outdoor air A1, the temperature of the treated exhaust air A6 is raised to +25 ° C. After passing the water / exhaust air heat exchanger 113 and heat exchange with the hot water circuit W2, the temperature of the treated exhaust air A4 rises to + 30 ° C and can be discharged into the outdoor air outside the building.
    Defrosting layer Figure 3 shows the system according to the invention in an operation for heating supply air with simultaneous defrosting of the water / exhaust air heat exchanger 113. In this operation, for example, cold outdoor air Al with a temperature of -15 ° C can be fed into the system 101. In this operating layer '
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1. 06 c vrir 105 F A3 1. •. •. •. •. •. •. •. 1 W4W3 M4 W6 W 114 109
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP2783165A4|2015-11-18|
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    WO2013081532A1|2013-06-06|
    EP2783165A1|2014-10-01|
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    引用文献:
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    EP3698088A4|2017-10-17|2021-07-21|Swegon Operations AB|An air handling unit for a ventilation system in a building and a method for performing a defrosting operation of an air handling unit|
    FI128644B|2018-05-23|2020-09-30|At Air Oy|Air treatment equipment, method for operating an air treatment equipment, and method for restoring an air treatment equipment|
    法律状态:
    2021-06-29| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1151114A|SE537199C2|2011-11-23|2011-11-23|System for controlling the indoor climate in a building|SE1151114A| SE537199C2|2011-11-23|2011-11-23|System for controlling the indoor climate in a building|
    EP12853121.7A| EP2783165B1|2011-11-23|2012-11-22|A system for heating supply air with simultaneous defrosting of a water-exhaust air heat exchanger|
    PCT/SE2012/051289| WO2013081532A1|2011-11-23|2012-11-22|A system for heating supply air with simultaneous defrosting of a water-exhaust air heat exchanger|
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